Головные уборы в позднесредневековых погребениях эрзи и мокши
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24852/2587-6112.2025.4.293.308Ключевые слова:
археология, Среднее Поволжье, позднее средневековье, погребения, головной убор, мордва, эрзя, мокша, накосник, пулокерьАннотация
В статье представлен анализ головных уборов мордвы из погребениий XVII – начала XIX вв. на территории Среднего Поволжья. Рассмотрены варианты сочетания головного убора с другими украшениями костюма. Проиллюстрирована разница женских и девичьих уборов. Проанализированы конструкции женских уборов мокши и эрзи. Рассмотрено строение деревянного накосника «пулокерь», история существования которого насчитывает более тысячи лет. Накосник исследован в женских погребениях мордвы-мокши. Проведена его классификация, выделены два типа накосника по форме – конусовидная и с расширяющимися концами. На материалах Коноваловского могильника изучена конструкция эрзянского убора. Рассмотрены принципы орнаментации, выделены варианты вышивки. Проанализировано соотношение орнамента вышивки и нашивных украшений. Рассмотрены нашивные украшения головных уборов – пластинки, бусы, стеклярус, пуговицы-подвески и др.
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