Западные и восточные импорты в комплексах кургана 1 группы «Студеникин Мар» некрополя «Студеникин Мар – Высокая Могила» в Южном Приуралье
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24852/2587-6112.2022.5.271.281Ключевые слова:
степи Евразии, Южный Урал, ранние кочевники, культурные связи, предметы импорта, хронология.Аннотация
В статье публикуется комплекс предметов импортного происхождения, найденных при исследовании кургана 1 группы «Студеникин Мар» некрополя «Студеникин Мар – Высокая Могила» в Южном Приуралье. Исследованный курган относится к категории крупных сооружений кочевой знати. В кургане выявлена специфичная архитектура и погребальная организация подкурганной площадки, которые позволяют отнести его к памятникам филипповского круга. Помимо дромосной могилы в центре кургана исследовано еще 5 погребений на периферии. Погребальный обряд и вещевые комплексы имеют широкие аналогии среди древностей южноуральских номадов IV в. до н.э. Особый интерес вызывает комплекс предметов импортного происхождения. Железный меч, отдельные элементы узды имеют аналогии в комплексах Предкавказья, Прикубанья, Нижнего и Среднего Дона. Все эти вещи были получены результате связей южноуральских кочевников с населением скифского мира. Вьючная гончарная фляга имеет азиатское происхождение и была изготовлена в мастерских Хорезма. Находки азиатских вещей маркируют восточный вектор связей номадов Южного Урала. Многие предметы импорта происходят из комплексов, имеющих твердую дату, поэтому они являются хорошими хронологическими индикаторами для кочевнических комплексов. Наличие импортных предметов в погребальных комплексах номадов южного Урала свидетельствует о широких связях и культурных контактах с населением сопредельных территорий.
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