Торговые связи города Саксина
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24852/2587-6112.2025.5.244.251Ключевые слова:
археология, Волго-Каспийский торговый путь, Великий Шёлковый путь, Восточная Европа, Северный Прикаспий, город Итиль, город и область Саксин, Самосдельское городищеАннотация
В статье описываются торговые пути, проходившие через Нижнее Поволжье в хазарскую и постхазарскую эпохи. Анализируется начальный этап и причины формирования торговых маршрутов через Нижнее Поволжье в связи с политическими и экономическими процессами в Арабском халифате. Анализируется торговля Хазарии через Нижнее Поволжье, а также формирование торговых путей Прикаспия в хазарское и постхазарское время, связи Нижнего Поволжья с основными портами Каспийского моря. Особое внимание уделяется возникновенияю и существованию города Саксина как основного перевалочного пункта на Волго-Каспийском торговом пути. Анализируются процессы товарно-денежного обмена и в целом уровень экономического развития города и области Саксин в XI-XIV вв. Отдельно анализируются наиболее важные направления связей Саксина – восточно-каспийское и юго-западное. Особо подчёркивается, что Волжский торговый путь можно именовать «Янтарным путём», поскольку именно янтарь является единственным на настоящий момент материальным свидетельством существования непрерывного торгового пути от Балтики до Каспия.
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