Grave Structures in the Burial Ritual of the Medieval Population of the Permian Urals (experience in determining wood by scanning electron microscopy)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24852/2587-6112.2023.1.142.155Keywords:
archaeology, the Middle Ages, Permian Urals, wood, grave structures, scanning electron microscopy, cedar.Abstract
The paper deals with the determination of wood species used in grave structures from medieval burial grounds of the Permian Urals – Mitinsky (end of the VII – VIII centuries), Zaposelsky (VIII – XI centuries), Redikorsky (IX – XI centuries), Bayanovsky (IX – first half of the X centuries), Stepanovo Plotbishche (IX – XI centuries), Antybarsky (XII – XIV centuries), Plotnikovsky (XII – XV centuries), Solikamsk cemetery (XVII – XVIII centuries), by methods of instrumental analysis. Wood was spread throughout the entire territory of the forest strip and was the most affordable material for construction and diy work. The authors considered the classification of burial structures. Among the wooden structures, a frame (log house), flooring, log, coffin were singled out. The analysis revealed the following tree species: birch (1 case), linden (1 case), larch (5 cases), cedar (11 cases). Consequently, coniferous species of wood were mainly used – cedar and larch, birch and linden were found only in two cases. The leading type of wood for the manufacture of funerary structures was cedar. As the analysis of ethnographic data showed, cedar was perceived as the "divine tree of the dead" in the entire chronological range of the use of funerary structures.
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Copyright (c) 2023 A.R. Smertin, P.A. Ivanov, O.Y. Kamenshikov, M.P. Krasnovskih, I.G. Mokrushin, A.N. Sarapulov
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